The new edition of the Private Copying Global Study 2026, prepared by CISAC, BIEM, IFRRO and Stichting de Thuiskopie, provides a comprehensive overview of private copying systems worldwide. The study examines legal frameworks, collection and distribution mechanisms, levy rates, and revenues generated from private copying across 196 countries and five global regions.
According to the findings, private copying remuneration generated €1.06 billion for creators worldwide in 2024, making a significant contribution to their income, while the cost for consumers remains low, at only a few euros per person annually.
Commenting on the publication, the Director General of CISAC, Gadi Oron, stated that private copying remains “one of the most practical and balanced ways to ensure creators are compensated when their works are reproduced for personal use,” highlighting the need to adapt legal frameworks to technological developments.
The study also records significant changes in user behaviour since previous editions (2017 and 2020), with smartphones, cloud services and connected devices now dominating as the main means of private copying. This shift calls for an update of private copying regulations to reflect current digital content consumption practices.
Read the full report here.